15 Things to Do in Bursa, Turkey

Often overshadowed by its bustling neighbor, Istanbul, Bursa, Turkey, is a captivating city that offers a unique blend of rich history, stunning natural beauty, and authentic Turkish culture. In the words of another visitor, “Compared to Istanbul, Bursa might not be as popular on the list of must-visit places in Turkey (officially recognized as Türkiye), but I can vouch for the city to be one of the places in Turkey that’s worth visiting – whether you love nature or history”. After multiple visits, another traveler confidently asserts, “I can assure you that Bursa is one of the most underrated destinations in Turkey”.

Bursa, the fourth-largest city in Turkey, once served as the first capital of the Ottoman Empire, before Edirne and then Istanbul. This historical significance means that visitors can trace the very beginnings of the empire here, experiencing its glory and pivotal moments. Beyond its historical depth, Bursa is also home to Mount Uludağ, the highest mountain in the Marmara region, making it an ideal destination for nature lovers and outdoor enthusiasts.

Pay Respects at Tophane Park and the Tombs of Osman and Orhan Gazi

A visit to Bursa is incomplete without acknowledging its pivotal role as the birthplace of the Ottoman Empire. Tophane Park is where you can honor the founding father, Osman Gazi, and his son and successor, Orhan Gazi. Osman I, the first Ottoman sultan, famously wished to be buried “beneath the silver dome of Bursa,” a former Byzantine chapel. Following the Ottoman conquest of Bursa, his will was honored, and his body was transferred to the site that is now Tophane Park.

The tombs are housed in two separate buildings within the park, accessible for free. Female visitors are requested to cover up as a sign of respect, with coverings provided at the entrance. Beyond the historical significance, Tophane Park offers gorgeous panoramic views of Bursa from above, especially at sunset. You’ll also find landmarks like the Bursa clock tower and historical cannons, adding to the park’s charm. It’s a perfect spot for a picnic or a stroll while soaking in the city’s ambiance.

Marvel at the Grand Mosque (Ulu Cami)

The Grand Mosque, or Ulu Cami, is a magnificent representation of early Ottoman architectural prowess and was, for over 500 years, the biggest mosque in Turkey. Built between 1396 and 1399 by Sultan Bayezid I, it stands as a testament to his victory at the Battle of Nicopolis. The mosque is distinguished by its expansive interior, supported by 12 robust columns and crowned with 20 domes – a unique design stemming from Sultan Bayezid’s promise to build 20 mosques.

Inside, visitors are treated to an immersive experience, admiring intricate Islamic calligraphy adorning its walls and the photogenic indoor fountain (şadırvan) at its heart. The blend of Islamic and Ottoman influences in its aesthetic is remarkable. The mosque is open to the public, with photography allowed, but visitors are reminded to dress modestly, and women should bring a headscarf.

Explore the Green Mosque Complex and Green Tomb

The Green Mosque (Yeşil Cami) and the Green Tomb (Yeşil Türbe) form a prominent complex, considered the peak of early Ottoman architectural style. This UNESCO World Heritage site was initiated by Sultan Mehmet I in 1412, with his son Murad II commissioning the Green Tomb as his father’s final resting place.

The Green Mausoleum, dedicated to the 5th Ottoman Sultan Mehmed I, is beautifully decorated with colorful tiles from the inside. It houses the tomb of Mehmed I along with seven others, and its super-detailed wooden door remains original from 1421. The Green Mosque, designed by Haci Ivan Pasha, showcases the influence of Persian artists, evident in its detailed tiles and colors reminiscent of Central Asian mosques. Visiting this complex offers deep insights into Islam’s history in Turkey through its exquisite architecture and design. Admission to the Green Mausoleum and Green Complex is free.

Step into History at Panorama 1326 Bursa Conquest Museum

For a truly immersive historical experience, the Panorama 1326 Bursa Conquest Museum is a must-visit. Opened in 2018, this modern museum uniquely blends Bursa’s past with a futuristic touch. The highlight is its large dome, which houses 360° murals depicting the Ottoman seizure of the Roman city of Prusa in 1326. These majestic murals portray the city and its culture during the Ottoman conquest, surrounded by imitative pillars and sarcophagi.

The museum also features an amphitheater where visitors can watch a movie about the rise of the Ottoman Empire, exhibition halls showcasing paintings and traditional Ottoman clothes from the 14th century, and statues of early Ottoman sultans outside. It’s described as “a sweet spot that blends the past of Bursa with some futuristic touch” and “a fun way to learn the history of Bursa as the first capital city of the Ottoman Empire!”. The entrance fee is modest, making it an accessible historical journey.

Ascend Mount Uludağ via the Bursa Teleferik

For nature lovers and adventure seekers, Mount Uludağ is a quintessential Bursa experience. As the highest mountain in the Marmara region, it offers activities year-round. The most popular way to reach its summit is by riding the Bursa Teleferik, which, at 9 kilometers, is the longest cable car in Turkey and one of the longest in the world. The 25 to 40-minute ride provides breathtaking panoramic views of the city and lush forests below.

In winter, Uludağ transforms into a premier ski resort, attracting enthusiasts for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. During summer, it offers a cool retreat for camping, hiking, and enjoying the glacial lakes and diverse wildlife, earning Bursa the nickname “Yeşil Bursa” (Green Bursa). The cable car journey includes several stations, with Sarıalan being a lively campground area with facilities, and Kurbagakaya, the summit, offering a more upscale vibe with hotels and restaurants, popular for advanced skiers.

Wander Through Cumalıkızık Village, a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Just 10-15 kilometers from Bursa city center lies Cumalıkızık Village, a beautifully preserved Ottoman-Greek village that is a UNESCO World Heritage site. This 700-year-old village provides an authentic glimpse into early Ottoman life with its cobblestone streets, quaint stone houses featuring prominent bay windows, and a peaceful ambiance.

Visitors can explore historical houses, some converted into museums showcasing fine woodwork, or enjoy a traditional village breakfast in one of the charming eateries. The village is also known for its handicrafts, offering ceramics, rugs, and other local items as souvenirs. Weekdays, from Monday to Friday, are recommended for a more serene visit. A day trip from Istanbul to explore Cumalıkızık and Uludağ Mountain is a popular option, including a scenic ride on the Bursa Teleferik.

Shop and Sip Tea at Koza Han and Bursa Grand Bazaar

No trip to Turkey is complete without experiencing a grand bazaar, and Bursa offers its own version. The Bursa Grand Bazaar and Koza Han offer a more relaxed shopping experience compared to Istanbul’s bustling Grand Bazaar. Bursa held a significant role in the Silk Road as a center of silk production, making Koza Han, the “Inn of the Silk Cocoon,” a historic caravanserai built in 1491, an essential stop.

Here, under vaulted arches, vendors still trade exquisite silk textiles, alongside spices, antiques, and local crafts. You can find pottery products and carpets, often at more affordable prices than in Istanbul. After browsing, relax in Koza Han’s charming courtyard with a cup of traditional Turkish tea, brewed on embers, and soak in the vibrant atmosphere. It’s a fantastic spot to mingle with locals and feel the pulse of the city’s commercial history.

Discover Serenity at Muradiye Complex

The Muradiye Complex is a UNESCO World Heritage site that offers a peaceful retreat into Ottoman history. This complex is not always on every tourist’s main list, but it’s “worth visiting if you want to go to some of the off-the-beaten-path spots around the city”. It houses the ornate tombs of early Ottoman sultans and their families, including Sultan Murat II, his son Sehzade Mustafa, and Mahidevran Hatun, Suleiman the Magnificent’s concubine.

Visitors can stroll through its serene gardens, admire the intricate Iznik tiles decorating the mausoleums, and appreciate the architectural details. The peaceful ambiance makes it an ideal place for reflection and learning about the lesser-known figures of the Ottoman dynasty. For a complete experience, consider taking a relaxing bath at the original Murad II Hammam located across the street.

Indulge in the Legendary İskender Kebap

Trying the famous İskender Kebap is an absolute culinary must when in Bursa, as “İskender kebap to Bursa is like çömlek kebap (pottery kebab) to Cappadocia, it’s a must-try when you visit the origin of the signature dish!”. This iconic dish originated in Bursa, making the city the definitive place to savor its authentic flavors.

For an authentic experience, look for restaurants with “tarihi” (legendary) in their brand name. Two highly recommended historical establishments are İskender Tarihi Ahşap Dükkan and Tophane Kebapçısı. İskender Tarihi Ahşap Dükkan, operating since the 1930s in the heart of Bursa Old Town, offers a fine-dining experience with top-notch service and ambiance. Tophane Kebapçısı, located near Tophane Park, also provides fine dining, though with a slightly less authentic ambiance and potentially longer wait times due to its popularity. Regardless of where you choose, indulging in this rich, flavorful dish is an essential part of the Bursa experience.

Explore the Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts

Located within the Green Mosque complex, the Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts is the oldest in the city, having opened its doors in 1902. Housed in the former Ottoman medrese (school) building, it offers a fascinating journey through Turkish culture.

The museum exhibits a diverse collection of ethnographic and archaeological artifacts, ranging from tiles and ceramics to information about traditional Turkish hamam (bath) culture. Visitors can gain a deeper understanding of the region’s artistic and historical heritage. The museum complex also includes an ancient-looking cemetery behind it, adding to its historical mystique. The entrance fee is modest, making it an accessible educational stop.

Stroll Across the Irgandı Bridge

Bursa is home to a rare architectural gem: the Irgandı Bridge. This historical bridge is one of only a handful in the world that features shops built directly on its structure, akin to Florence’s Ponte Vecchio. Dating back to the Ottoman era, the bridge shelters numerous artisan workshops, creating a unique “bazaar over the river”.

Watching artisans craft textiles or hand-paint ceramics in their tiny studios is a memorable experience. It’s a delightful spot to find unique, handmade souvenirs and appreciate local craftsmanship. You can also “Sip çay at a bridge café overlooking Gökdere River,” adding to the charm of this distinctive Bursa attraction.

Learn About Local Craftsmanship at the Bursa City Museum

For those interested in Bursa’s local history and crafts, the Bursa City Museum (Bursa Kent Müzesi) provides insightful exhibits. One of its standout sections is dedicated to Bursa knives, a local craft boasting over 700 years of history. These blades, once used by sultans and Ottoman soldiers, showcase a variety of styles and the city’s rich heritage in metallurgy.

The museum provides a deeper understanding of Bursa’s cultural identity and its historical significance beyond the Ottoman Empire’s political origins. Admission to the Bursa City Museum is free. After your visit, you can “walk along the ‘nostalgic tram line’ on Cumhuriyet Street”, combining a museum trip with a pleasant city stroll.

Experience Shadow Puppetry at the Karagöz Museum

Dive into Turkey’s rich performing arts tradition at the Bursa Karagöz Museum. Karagöz is a traditional Turkish shadow theatre, recognized as a UNESCO-listed intangible heritage. The museum offers visitors the chance to watch live or recorded puppet shows and even try operating the puppets themselves, making it an interactive and engaging cultural activity suitable for families and all ages.

Even without understanding the language, the skill of the puppet masters is captivating, presenting “a stand-up comedian act on a small cinema screen”. This unique art form provides a fascinating glimpse into a cherished aspect of Turkish folklore and entertainment. Admission to the Karagöz Museum is free.

Recharge in Bursa’s Historic Hammams (Turkish Baths)

No visit to Bursa would be complete without experiencing a traditional Turkish bath, or hammam. The city’s rich thermal heritage makes it an ideal place to indulge in this ancient ritual of relaxation and cleansing. After a day of sightseeing or skiing on Uludağ, unwinding in the warm, mineral-rich waters of a Bursa hammam is a rejuvenating experience.

One of the oldest and most recommended hammams by locals is the Eski Kaplıca Hamamı, located in the city center near the Keravansaray Hotel. It is also part of Bursa’s UNESCO World Heritage list, adding to its significance. For an authentic experience, consider opting for a traditional kese (exfoliating) scrub, a hallmark of the Turkish bath ritual.

Experience Modern Bursa in the Nilüfer District and Podyum Park

While Bursa is celebrated for its deep history, the Nilüfer district showcases the city’s contemporary and vibrant side. This modern area is a favorite among locals for family activities, shopping, and entertainment, especially on weekends.

As evening descends, Park Podyum comes alive, transforming into a hub for Bursa’s nightlife. Here, you’ll find a lively open-air park featuring an array of bars, diverse restaurants, coffee places, and even English pubs. It’s the place to go if you’re “craving a beer or wine” or looking for stylish hangouts and a “local buzz”. Nilüfer also boasts large malls like Sur Yapı Marka, offering extensive shopping opportunities. It provides a stark yet complementary contrast to Bursa’s ancient historical core.

Conclusion

Bursa is truly a city that offers something for everyone, whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, a culinary adventurer, or a culture seeker. As the first capital of the Ottoman Empire, it provides an unparalleled opportunity to delve into the origins of a grand civilization. From the solemn tombs of its founders at Tophane Park to the vibrant modern pulse of the Nilüfer district, Bursa promises a diverse and enriching travel experience.

Mount Uludağ beckons with its year-round natural beauty and winter sports, while the UNESCO-listed Cumalıkızık Village and Muradiye Complex transport you to ancient times. The city’s culinary scene, spearheaded by the iconic İskender Kebap, is a delight for the taste buds. Moreover, with its accessible location from Istanbul by bus or ferry, Bursa is an easy addition to any Turkey itinerary.

While a day trip can cover some highlights, staying 3-4 days is highly recommended to truly “explore the city beyond the Old Town” and uncover its many hidden gems. Bursa’s top-notch hospitality and fascinating history ensure that “you’ll never run out of things to do in Bursa, Turkey!”. So, pack your bags and prepare to be enchanted by this truly underrated destination.

FAQs

1. Is Bursa worth visiting?

Yes, Bursa is definitely worth visiting. It offers a rich combination of history and beautiful nature, providing diverse experiences for every traveler. The city is considered an “underrated destination” with top-notch hospitality and fascinating history. It is a pivotal place for the rise of the Ottoman Empire and home to Mount Uludag, the highest mountain in the Marmara region. Bursa is also listed among UNESCO Heritage Sites in Turkey, known as the birthplace of the Ottoman Empire.

2. What is the best way to travel from Istanbul to Bursa? You can travel from Istanbul to Bursa by either bus or ferry boat.

By Bus: This is one of the easiest ways to travel inter-city from Istanbul. You can book tickets online through platforms like BusBud, with one-way tickets starting around $12 USD, depending on the operator. Buses also depart directly from Istanbul airports. The journey typically takes about three hours but can be longer due to traffic. Traveling by bus tends to take longer due to traffic, making a day trip potentially exhausting.
By Ferry: Ferry operators like IDO and BUDO provide daily routes between Istanbul and Bursa. Traveling by ferry may be faster and frequently less expensive than using the bus, particularly on a day trip. Departure points in Istanbul include Yenikapi, Kadikoy, and Kabatas, and for Eminonu, BUDO is an option. However, the arrival point in Bursa, Mudanya, is quite far from the city center, requiring an additional trip within Bursa, which can take almost an hour by taxi.
Renting a Car: If you are comfortable driving on the right side of the road, renting a car is recommended for easier navigation within the city.
Day Trips from Istanbul: It is “totally doable” to make a day trip to Bursa from Istanbul, and several tour operators arrange trips to Bursa’s highlights. The journey is around 2 hours by ferry or car.

3. How long should I spend in Bursa?

While a day trip from Istanbul is popular and feasible, it is recommended to stay around 3-4 days for a better experience.

Staying for 3-4 days allows you to explore the city beyond the Old Town, including places like Cumalıkızık village, which is about 15 kilometers from the center.
Three or four days are generally considered enough to visit all the best places, especially if you stay around the Old Town, where many attractions are within walking distance.
A day trip can cover the main highlights, but a longer stay allows for a more in-depth exploration of off-the-beaten-path spots like the Muradiye Complex or specific iskender kebap restaurants.

4. What are some key things to buy in Bursa?

Bursa is known as a heaven for anything handmade, and it was a significant center for silk production on the Silk Road.

Silk Products: The city is renowned for its silk products, including scarves, clothing, and textiles. You can find these at places like Koza Han, the Grand Bazaar, and the Silk House.
Pottery and Carpets: You can also find pottery products and carpets, often more affordably than in Istanbul.
Souvenirs: Shops like Anadolu Treasures Bursa offer authentic Turkish souvenirs, ranging from cheap to premium items.

5. What are the best times to visit Bursa?

Bursa offers year-round experiences:

Winter: It’s great for snowy landscapes and winter sports like skiing at Mount Uludag.
Summer: The lush green landscapes provide a cool retreat and natural beauty. Mount Uludag is also suitable for camping or hiking during the summer.
General: November to March is recommended for visiting the Grand Mosque and for silk shopping at Koza Han. April to October is suggested for the Bursa Teleferik, Cumalıkızık Village, and Bursa Zoo.

6. How far is Osman Gazi’s burial site (Tophane Park) from the Green Mosque?

The Green Mosque is approximately 2-3 kilometers from Tophane Park, where the tombs of Osman Gazi and Orhan Gazi are located. The bazaar is situated between these two sites, allowing for exploration on foot, or you can take a tram or bus between them.